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Industrial Unrest (1890-1913)

With the expiration of the Anti-Socialist Law on September 30, 1890, the Socialist movement in Germany gathered strength. The Social Democratic Party encouraged organized resistance to factory conditions, and strikes proliferated, especially after the turn of the century.

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I. Strikes, Lockouts, and "Non-Confrontational Movements," 1890-1913

Strikes incl. Lockouts (1,2)

Strikes (4)

Year

Number

Participants

Duration (3)

Calculated number of participants (3a)

Number

Participants

Duration( 3)

Calculated number of participants (3a)

1890/91 (6)

226

38,536

1,348

1892

73

3,022

507

1893

116

9,356

568

1894

131

7,328

879

1895

204

14,032

1,030

1896

483

128,808

1,923

1897

578

63,119

1,921

1898

985

60,162

4,848

1899

976

100,779

3,976

1900

852

115,711

1,234,025

65,761

806

101,081

1,051,159

53,346

1901

727

48,522

1,194,553

38,913

692

40,062

1,070,278

32,825

1902

861

55,713

964,317

48,159

805

48,922

847,121

43,239

1903

1,282

121,593

2,622,232

88,954

1,200

75,830

1,109,461

56,818

1904

1,625

135,957

2,120,154

128,700

1,513

104,555

1,512,886

93,121

1905

2,323

507,964

7,362,802

414,703

2,010

363,917

5,565,546

278,882

1906

3,480

316,042

6,317,675

301,590

3,059

222,686

3,991,606

212,562

1907

2,792

281,030

5,122,467

274,052

2,469

176,292

2,147,695

170,456

1908

2,052

126,883

2,045,585

105,859

1,795

66,307

1,139,636

60,021

1909

2,045

131,244

2,247,512

121,171

1,839

96,750

1,587,257

89,110

1910

3,194

369,011

9,037,575

341,994

2,224

142,113

2,193,452

133,455

1911

2,914

325,253

6,864,240

280,073

2,707

211,896

4,359,062

184,829

1912

2,825

479,589

4,776,818

304,979

2,469

397,490

3,447,729

240,763

1913

2,600

248,986

5,672,034

196,460

2,173

177,594

4,139,720

151,121



1) The editors (Hohorst, et. al.) would like to thank Klaus Tenfelde for preparing this table.

2) For the entire period in question, the figures for the first three categories also include lockouts, but not non-confrontational movements.

3) Duration of the strikes until 1899 in weeks (= sum total of the duration of all strikes, regardless of the number of participants); beginning in 1900 (in all categories): loss of work time in days (calculation based on the number of participants).

3a) The statistics of the "Generalkommission" determine the loss of work time in days only for a certain number of participants, which fluctuates between 56.8% and 97.5% of the total number of striking workers.

4) Separate counting possible only after 1900.

6) For these years the data has been recorded together.

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