GHDI logo

Friedrich Cotta, "On the Good Life the People of the Rhine and the Mosel Can Now Have" (November 30, 1792)

page 2 of 4    print version    return to list previous document      next document


2. The Man- or Head-Tax. They are not satisfied with the regular [tax] assessment, which admittedly cannot cease in any constitution, because the general outlays must be paid, for example for your officials and so on. However, they still also illegally squeeze from every peasant, whether he be a citizen or a migrant, poor or rich, twelve shillings [Kreuzer] monthly. That does not apply to the new arrangement in France. He who pays his taxes is required to pay nothing further. He does not need to give any more, not even to the clergy, may he come into this world or depart from it, may he be married or baptized. He does not even need to pay the judge, who is to pass judgement quickly and without payment.

3. The Feudal Labor Dues. The so-called great lords have so many servants with such amazingly large salaries, and still they demand that the poor peasant should abandon his trade, his plow, etc., and work for him for no pay, deliver fodder, help him and his hunters with the hunt, etc. That is all abolished with the new arrangement in France. Anyone who wants to have something done can offer to pay people, and anyone who wants to hunt cannot expect that anybody should help him with it. Another matter is work for the people themselves, for example, the work [on the fortress] at Kastel near Mainz now. However, that is work to which every patriot is bound for the defense of his person and his property, and beyond that one is still paid for it, so it is not performing labor dues.

4. The Feudal Sheep Pasture. When an elector-prince, prince, or count wants to keep sheep, then he keeps them at the cost of the peasant. The peasant is thereby hindered from cultivating his field as he sees fit, and he must unnecessarily leave it fallow because of the feudal sheep pasture, or if he does not want that, then there is no other means than that he lease the pasture and pay a lot of rent money, but his neighbor is still not helped, unless he assumes the lease. This is also unknown with the new arrangements in France, and everyone may work his field as he wants and with what he wants, and anyone who wants to keep sheep can do it, but without harming his neighbor.

5. Damages from Game Animals. When a good and diligent peasant has diligently cultivated his piece of land, and when he is looking forward to God's fine blessings, which are bestowed upon him for his hard work, then, God have mercy, the elk and boars of the most gracious lord come, and they destroy in one night what should have fed the peasant and his wife and child for an entire year. If he wants to prevent this, then he must, tired after a day's work, mind the field at night, and that often does not help, either. However, that is also totally different with the new arrangement in France. There the game animals belong to everybody, and everybody may catch them and take of them what he wants and can. He who wants to keep game animals and has a woods for it, must build a great wall around it, so that the game animals do not break out. If it happens that they do, then anybody may bag the game animal, and if the game animal does damage, then the master of the game animal must pay full compensation.

first page < previous   |   next > last page