2.
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Wilhelm Groener and his Officers During Military Maneuvers in Thuringia and Bavaria (1930)
Threatened by budget cutbacks, the army protected its interests through active political involvement. After military maneuvers in autumn 1930, Defense Minister Wilhelm Groener wrote a letter to General....
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3.
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Wilhelm Frick: Cover of Ulk (February 7, 1930)
On January 23, 1930, Wilhelm Frick (1877-1946), who had received a suspended sentence for his role in the 1923 Beer Hall Putsch in Munich, became the first Nazi party member to hold a ministerial-level....
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4.
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Heinrich Brüning: Cover of Ulk (July 11, 1930)
Finding no legislative consensus for his policies, Chancellor Heinrich Brüning (1885-1970) invoked the presidential emergency decree powers (Article 48 of the
....
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5.
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Hitler on the Witness Stand at the Reich Court in Leipzig (September 25, 1930)
Army lieutenants Hans Ludin (far left), Richard Scheringer, and Friedrich Wendt were arrested and tried for treason for establishing contacts with the Nazi leadership and for advocating the formation....
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6.
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Heinrich Brüning at his Desk (1931)
Heinrich Brüning (1885-1970) was temperamentally well suited to governance by decree, which he viewed as a stepping stone to an authoritarian reshaping of the Weimar Republic. Likewise, he was also....
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7.
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Alfred Hugenberg at the Founding of the "Harzburg Front" in Bad Harzburg (October 11, 1931)
The Harzburg Front was an effort by the Right to consolidate opposition to the Brüning government. Publisher and German National People’s Party [Deutschnationale Volkspartei or DNVP] leader....
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8.
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Hindenburg Election Poster (1932)
By the time of the 1932 elections, President Paul von Hindenburg was well into his eighties and in less than perfect health. Still, this did not prevent the Center and the Right from presenting him....
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9.
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"Hitler, the Government Councilor, Swears on the Weimar Constitution of Dr. Hugo Preuss" (March 1932)
On February 25, 1932, Hitler was appointed councilor [Regierungsrat] in the state government of Braunschweig. It was a minor post, but the appointment involved the conferral of German citizenship,....
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10.
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Franz Seldte and Theodor Düsterberg, Co-Founders of the Stahlhelm (September 1932)
The Stahlhelm [Steel Helmet] was right-wing veteran’s paramilitary group that was nearly half a million strong. Despite its formidable membership, the organization remained deeply divided....
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