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Development of Higher Education in East and West Germany (1960-1990)

On the whole, student numbers increased in West Germany, with occasional spurts: twenty-five universities, for example, opened their doors between 1965 and 1975. By contrast, the centrally managed expansion of higher education began earlier in the GDR but was halted by admission quotas in the early 1970s. As a result, the percentage of students in each age group remained constant.

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Year
Number of
educational institutions
Number of students
Number
of first-year students
Diplomas
and corresponding exams
Teacher-certifcation exams
Ph.D. exams

Academic personnel

Universities and other educational institutions, such as art colleges, in the FRG

1960
131
246,939
53,313
16,458
11,143
5,874
·
1965
126
308,022
54,430
20,282
20,408
6,971
·
1970
123
421,976
86,649
26,192
25,382
10,515
·
1975
116
691,289
123,405
33,669
40,349
11,418
89,274
1980
114
836,502
126,555
46,331
30,452
12,222
109,698
1985
119
1,035,669
152,766
61,083
22,883
14,951
116,373
1990
126
1,208,018
179,186
81,524
10,231
18,494
135,543

Universities of applied sciences (including colleges for administrative studies) in der FRG

1975
97
144,713
41,166
31,865
x
x
14,304
1980
115
199,801
49,274
34,675
x
x
17,685
1985
122
301,005
64,643
48,003
x
x
22,639
1990
122
370,988
77,503
55,852
x
x
27,597

Higher education institutions (not counting technical schools) in der GDR

1960
44
99,860
30,081
·
·
·
·
1965
44
111,591
24,735
14,652
6,226
·
13,184
1970
54
143,163
43,975
15,526
6,694
3,930
21,219
1975
54
136,854
34,390
28,839
7,682
3,496
26,112
1980
53
129,970
31,949
18,065
6,135
3,343
28,848
1985
54
129,885
31,583
18,636
6,410
4,467
30,331
1989
54
131,188
31,531
18,504
5,663
4,545
31,754



Source: Table 14.1. Basic Data on Colleges 1960-1990 – FRG and GDR – compiled by the Working Group for Educational Reporting at the Max-Planck-Institut for Research on Education, Das Bildungswesen in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland [The Educational System in the Federal Republic of Germany]. Reinbek bei Hamburg, 1994, pp. 636-37.

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