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Social Democratic Electioneering in Berlin (January 1919)
The second Council of People’s Representatives had taken a first important step towards establishing a....
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Reich Commissioner Hugo Preuß (August 1919)
Politician Hugo Preuß (1860-1925) was a liberal professor of constitutional law, a founding member of the German Democratic Party (DDP), and the main architect of the Weimar....
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Walther Rathenau (c. 1920)
Walther Rathenau (1867-1922), a successful businessman, author, and politician, was one of the most important German Jews of his generation. The son of the wealthy industrialist Emil Rathenau, who....
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Red Cross Workers Escort an Elderly Voter to the Polls during the Referendum in Upper Silesia (March 20, 1921)
Article 88 of the Versailles Treaty stipulated that plebiscites were to take place in several prewar German territories in order to determine whether they would remain part of Germany. Germany’s....
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A French Bicycle Brigade Rides through Essen (1923)
On January 11, 1923, five French divisions and a small number of Belgian troops occupied the Ruhr region, the center of Germany’s heavy industry. The occupation was prompted by the Allied Reparations....
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The Reichsbanner Schwarz-Rot-Gold at a Mass Rally in Potsdam (October 26, 1924)
The Reichsbanner Schwarz-Rot-Gold was a group of war veterans whose mission was to defend Germany’s new parliamentary democracy against its enemies on both the radical right....
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Center Party [Zentrum] Election Poster (1924)
Since its founding in 1870, the Center party [Zentrum] represented the interests of political....
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German People’s Party (DVP) Election Poster (1924)
In December 1918, the German People’s Party (DVP) was formed as a merger of the National Liberal Party’s [Nationalliberale] right wing led by Gustav Stresemann (1878-1929) and the Progressive....
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German Democratic Party (DDP) Election Poster (1924)
The left-wing liberal, bourgeois German Democratic Party (DDP) was founded in November 1918. Among its founding members were publicist Theodor Wolff, sociologist Max....
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Communist Party of Germany (KPD) Election Poster (1924)
Founded in December 1918, the Communist Party of Germany (KPD) competed with the Social Democrats for the votes of the labor movement. They accused the SPD in particular of having betrayed workers....
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