Duke August I, Elector of Saxony (2nd Half of the 16th Century) Duke August (r. 1553-86), the political leader of the Lutheran princes and cities, collaborated with the emperor and sponsored the Formula of Concord of 1577, an agreement that ended the fierce doctrinal quarrels of the post-Luther generation. Woodcut by Zacharias Wehme (d. 1606) / Meister WRF, second half of the 16th century.