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Images - The Jews
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1.   The Jews' Alley [Judengasse] and Stockyard in Frankfurt am Main (17th Century)
As a matter of both social custom and law, the Jewish quarters in most pre-modern European cities were segregated from the surrounding Christian neighborhoods. In addition to dwellings and business....
The Jews' Alley [<I>Judengasse</i>] and Stockyard in Frankfurt am Main (17th Century)
2.   Prussian Edict: All Unauthorized Jews Should be Driven from the Land Immediately (January 10, 1724)
This edict by the Prussian monarch Frederick William I (“the Soldier King”) (r. 1713-1740) ordered....
Prussian Edict: All Unauthorized Jews Should be Driven from the Land Immediately (January 10, 1724)
3.   Prussian Edict: All Fraudulence Committed by Jews in Financial Transactions Must Be Stopped (April 8, 1726)
This is another edict by the Prussian monarch Frederick William I (“the Soldier King”), who issued....
Prussian Edict: All Fraudulence Committed by Jews in Financial Transactions Must Be Stopped (April 8, 1726)
4.   The Gallows from which Joseph Süß Oppenheimer ("Jew Süß") was Hanged (1738)
The “court Jew” Joseph Süß Oppenheimer (1698-1738, known colloquially and pejoratively as “Jew Süss”) was a financial adviser to Duke Karl Alexander of Württemberg (r. 1733-1737), who in 1736 took....
The Gallows from which Joseph Süß Oppenheimer ("Jew Süß") was Hanged (1738)
5.   Nathan Hirschl, Head of the Jewish Community in Prague, Stereotypical Anti-Semitic Depiction (c. 1714)
This caricature appeared in II Callotto resuscitato od. neu eingerichtes Zwerchen Cabinet [II Callotto resuscitato or Newly Furnished Cabinet of Dwarfs]. Published in Augsburg around....
Nathan Hirschl, Head of the Jewish Community in Prague, Stereotypical Anti-Semitic Depiction (c. 1714)
6.   Markus Levin (18th Century)
Markus Levin (1723-1790) was a well-to-do Jewish merchant, jeweler, and banker based in Berlin. Levin’s economic success allowed him to become Hoffaktor [“court Jew”] at the court of Frederick II....
Markus Levin (18th Century)
7.   Gotthold Ephraim Lessing and Johann Caspar Lavater at Moses Mendelssohn's Home in 1763 (1856)
Based on a 19th-century painting, this engraving depicts an imaginary meeting between the philosopher and political publicist Moses....
Gotthold Ephraim Lessing and Johann Caspar Lavater at Moses Mendelssohn's Home in 1763 (1856)
8.   Henriette Herz (1778)
Henriette Julie Herz (1764-1847), the daughter of Benjamin de Lemos (1711-1789), a Portuguese Sephardic physician from Hamburg, was a well-known figure in late-eighteenth century Berlin society.....
Henriette Herz (1778)
9.   A Jewish Dandy (1804)
The French Revolution’s granting of civil equality to French Jews reinforced support for a similar course of action in Germany. At the same time, however, the advancing social and cultural integration....
A Jewish Dandy (1804)
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