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Images - State and Society
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1.   Accident in an Engineering Works (c. 1890)
Mechanization in the era of industrialization not only accelerated and rationalized manufacturing processes but also created new hazards for the workers who operated machinery. In Germany, both the....
Accident in an Engineering Works (c. 1890)
2.   Kaiser Wilhelm II (1890)
In reality, Wilhelm von Hohenzollern (1859-1941), King of Prussia and Emperor of Germany from 1888 to 1918, was less resolute and imperious than this image would suggest. The painting perhaps better....
Kaiser Wilhelm II (1890)
3.   "Full Steam Ahead!" (1892)
This 1892 cartoon from the Socialist newspaper Der wahre Jakob illustrates the conflict between organized labor and employers. The lettering on the head of the train reads “Eight-Hour Work”....
4.   Secondary School for Girls (1896)
This photograph shows the second-year class of the Kramerschen Secondary School for Girls in Berlin-Lichterfelde. Schools were designated as “secondary” if the level of instruction exceeded that....
Secondary School for Girls (1896)
5.   "Der – Die – Das" (1897)
There is more to this grammar lesson than meets the eye. Artist Bruno Paul characterizes different segments of German society according to the gender of various collective nouns used to describe....
6.   "Reaction": The Decline of the Aristocracy (1898)
Thomas Theodor Heine’s (1867-1948) cartoon “Reaction” appeared in the satirical journal Simplicissimus in January 1898. Set during a New Year’s celebration, it mocks the culture of the German....
7.   Kindergarten (c. 1900)
Founded by Friedrich Fröbel (1782-1852), the first kindergarten opened in Blankenburg (Thuringia)....
Kindergarten (c. 1900)
8.   Jens Birkholm, Gospel of the Poor (1900)
This painting by Jens Birkholm (1869-1915) depicts a Social Democratic agitation meeting. A gleaming bust of Karl....
Jens Birkholm, <i>Gospel of the Poor</i> (1900)
9.   Rudolf Virchow Gives a Speech on the Occasion of his Eightieth Birthday (October 12, 1901)
Rudolf Virchow (1821-1902) was one of the most famous German scientists of the Wilhelmine era. He is credited with discovering leukemia and formulating the theory that cells originate from other....
Rudolf Virchow Gives a Speech on the Occasion of  his Eightieth Birthday (October 12, 1901)
10.   Gymnasium in Berlin (c. 1905)
Gymnasien – secondary schools that prepare children for higher education at universities in many parts of Europe – were the province of middle- and upper-class males in Germany during the....
<I>Gymnasium</i> in Berlin (c. 1905)
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