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Documents - Religion, Education, Social Welfare
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31.   A Workplace Accident: A Hamburg Shoemaker’s Plea for Assistance and a Senator’s Response (1883-84)
Before Bismarck’s health, accident, disability, and pension insurance were introduced in the 1880s, any sudden calamity or career interruption brought with it the possibility of immediate hardship....
32.   Report of a Poor-Relief Doctor in Berlin (c. 1890)
This excerpt from a doctor’s report on health conditions in a squalid Berlin neighborhood shows the downside of industrialization and urbanization. It also reveals just how urgent the need for social....
33.   "It's Amazingly Rare that I get an Egg!" Breakfast for a Leipzig Working-Class Family (mid-1880s)
Working-class families spent a larger portion of their income on food than families from the....
34.   The Unhealthy Nourishment of Urban Workers as Depicted by a Bourgeois Social Reformer (1890)
Malnutrition was recognized as the underlying cause of many problems among urban workers, including high infant mortality and poor work performance. In this commentary from 1890, a bourgeois social....
35.   Social Democrats Discuss the State’s Social Insurance Policy (1890)
Paul Göhre (1864-1928) was a Protestant pastor and social reformer who spent three months undercover as a factory worker in the industrial city of Chemnitz in order to study the experiences and attitudes....
36.   Karl Marx, Capital, volume 1, The Process of Capitalistic Production (1867)
Karl Marx (1818-1883) was a philosopher, a propagandist, and a revolutionary – in that order. He may stand as nineteenth-century Germany’s most important and influential thinker. In 1867, Marx published....
37.   Why the Government Cannot Ignore the Social Question: A Conservative View (January 29, 1872)
By the 1870s, the problem of “pauperism” – already much debated before 1848 – had been redefined as the “social question.” It received attention from political parties across the entire political....
38.   Gustav Schmoller on the Social Question and the Prussian State (1874)
“The Social Question and the Prussian State” (1874) was published in a prestigious contemporary journal by the economics professor and co-founder of the Association for Social Policy Gustav Schmoller....
39.   Heinrich von Treitschke, "Socialism and its Patrons" (1874)
A leading kleindeutsch historian and university teacher, Heinrich von Treitschke (1834-1896)....
40.   Franz Perrot’s "Era Articles" Attacking Bismarck’s Ministry, Liberals, and the Jews (June 29 - July 1, 1875)
Franz Perrot (1833-1891) was an antisemitic conservative writer who published a series of blockbuster essays in his party’s leading newspaper, the Neue Preussische (Kreuz-) Zeitung. They were....
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