Documents - Religion, Education, Social Welfare

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11.	Heinrich von Treitschke Pronounces, "The Jews are Our Misfortune" (November 15, 1879) Heinrich von Treitschke (1834-1896) was one of the most prominent historians of nineteenth-century....
12.	Jacob Burckhardt on the Likely Consequences of Antisemitic Agitation (January 2, 1880) Jacob Burckhardt (1818-1897), a Swiss historian of art and culture, held a professorship in Basel, Switzerland, from 1858 until his retirement 1893. The following letter was addressed to his friend,....
13.	Antisemites’ Petition (1880-1881) Leading German antisemites launched a petition campaign in the summer of 1880 to rally public awareness of what they identified as the “Jewish problem” and to demand legislative action. Among this....
14.	Emil Lehmann Addresses Leipzig Jews on the Antisemitic Movement (April 11, 1880) Emil Lehmann (1829-1898) was a Dresden lawyer and the first Jew to be elected (in 1865) to Dresden’s....
15.	Declaration of 75 Notables against Antisemitism (November 12, 1880) Theodor Mommsen (1817-1903) was a historian, classical scholar, and politician. He was even....
16.	Ernst Henrici Addresses Berlin Antisemites in the Reichshall Meeting: A Report in the Tribune (December 1880) The 1880s saw the rise of increasingly racialist variants of antisemitism. This radicalization did not gain the favor of the Christian Social court preacher Adolf....
17.	"Manifesto to the Governments and Peoples of the Christian Nations Threatened by Judaism": The First Anti-Jewish Congress in Dresden (September 11-12, 1882) In the following manifesto of the First Anti-Jewish Congress, held in the Saxon capital shortly after the first wave of German antisemitism peaked, participants wove virtually all the threads of....
18.	Public Schooling in Prussia: Number of Institutions, Teachers, and Pupils (1864-1911/13) Education fell under the purview of Germany’s federal states. Therefore reliable statistics for the entire nation are hard to come by before the turn of the century. Figures for the Kingdom of Prussia....
19.	Students Attending Universities and Other Institutions of Higher Learning in Prussia (1869-1912) During the Bismarckian period the number of students attending Prussian universities and other institutes of higher learning shot upward, from about 18,000 in 1869 to over 40,000 in the mid-1890s....
20.	Memories of a Secondary School [Gymnasium] Student in Leipzig (c. 1880) Secondary schooling for the more privileged middle and upper classes was oriented more towards classical languages (and classical ideals) than practical subjects and contemporary issues. After ascending....
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