Documents - Politics I: Forging an Empire

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11.	Receipt of Monies from France and Expenditures in Germany from the French War Indemnity (1870s) After victory in 1871, the Germans imposed the unheard-of sum of five billion francs as a war indemnity on defeated France. This table details both revenues and expenses as this enormous influx of....
12.	Württemberg Democrat Ludwig Pfau on German Federalism (1864/1895) Ludwig Pfau (1821-1894) was a poet, journalist, politician, and founder of the satirical magazine Eulenspiegel, which he edited from 1848 to 1850. His participation in revolutionary events....
13.	Count Friedrich von Beust in Praise of the German Confederation (1887) Like the Württemberg democrat Ludwig Pfau (1821-1894), Count Friedrich Ferdinand von Beust....
14.	Prussia’s Federal Reform Proposal (April 9, 1866) Antagonism between Prussia and Austria and uncertainty about the future geographic and constitutional configuration of a unified Germany dominated central European politics in the 1850s and 1860s.....
15.	Bismarck’s "Putbus Dictations" on Germany’s Future Constitution (October-November 1866) As the historian Otto Pflanze has noted, the idea that Bismarck drafted the constitution of the North German Confederation in just two days in early December 1866 is among the first myths that fuelled....
16.	Bismarck’s Speech in the North German Reichstag in Defense of his Draft Constitution (March 11, 1867) Here, Bismarck defends his draft constitution for the North German Confederation. There were two main issues, however, that exercised his liberal critics in the Reichstag. First, they wanted the....
17.	Electoral Law for the Reichstag of the North German Confederation (May 31, 1869) After excluding Austria from Germany in 1866, Prussia achieved virtual hegemony over the North German Confederation. By the end of 1867 Germans had already trouped to the polls twice to elect members....
18.	Constitution of the German Empire (April 16, 1871) A provisional constitution had been in effect since January 1, 1871, but it consisted of various components and required amendment after the proclamation of the German Empire on January 18, 1871.....
19.	Law on Freedom of Movement (November 1, 1867) The Law on Freedom of Movement from November 1, 1867, made it possible for inhabitants of the North German Confederation to move their abode from one federation state to another without serious disadvantage.....
20.	The U.S. Ambassador in Berlin Praises the Constitution of the North German Confederation (November 1, 1867) This document is a transcription of a handwritten report by the U.S. ambassador to the North German Confederation, George Bancroft (1800-1891). Bancroft is better known as one of nineteenth-century....
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