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School Reform in Baden: Edict Issued by Margrave Karl Friedrich von Baden (May 13, 1803)

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25.) For the politico-economic section, three to four teachers shall be nominated, who have to divide among them the lecture on forestry, urban economics and agriculture, mining and plane surveying studies, land-based architecture and hydraulic engineering, the study of arts and trades, chemistry, and political science [ . . . ].

26.) For the general section, which teaches all subjects of intellectual and sensory insight according to its general variabilities, [ . . . ] six to seven chairs shall be maintained, among which shall be distributed the belles sciences, inquiring philosophy (that which deals with non-sensory subjects, i.e. as logic, metaphysics, natural law, morals, practical philosophy), objective philosophy (as pure and applied mathematics and study of nature), knowledge of the major empirical subjects (through statistics, history of states, cultural and commercial history, natural history, history of philosophy, geography and regional geography), to which is added as the eighth instructor the university astronomer to be located in Mannheim [ . . . ].

27.) In the cultivating section, there shall be available four exercise instructors for riding, fencing, dancing, and drawing, as well as two language instructors for English, French, and Italian. [ . . . ]



Source: Kurfürstlich Badische Landes-Organisation. In 13. Edicten sammt Beylagen, und Anhang [Land Organization of Electoral Baden. In 13 Edicts including Attachments and Appenix]. Karlsruhe: Macklot, 1803, pp. 1-8. [Separate pagination of the edicts.]

Original German source reprinted in Walter Demel and Uwe Puschner, eds., Von der Französischen Revolution bis zum Wiener Kongreß 1789-1815 [From the French Revolution to the Congress of Vienna 1789-1815]. Deutsche Geschichte in Quellen und Darstellung, edited by Rainer A. Müller, vol. 6. Stuttgart: P. Reclam, 1995, pp. 349-62.

Translation: Erwin Fink

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